Advantages of the Acid Gas Preheater
Gas inlet temperature: 20–150°C
Gas outlet temperature: 80–300°C
Specific temperatures are determined based on the process flow and the acid dew point.
The design prioritizes the acid dew point, utilizing outlet temperature control to minimize moisture condensation.
For H₂S-containing acid gases, factors such as equipment materials, welding quality, and corrosion allowance are comprehensively considered.
Designs are optimized based on gas flow rates and allowable pressure drops.
A reasonable balance between heat transfer efficiency and pressure drop is achieved.
Design temperature: -20–450°C
Design pressure: Vacuum to 10.0 MPa
Heat transfer area: 10–2,000 m²
Specific design parameters are determined by project-specific thermal calculations and mechanical design.
For projects aiming to minimize on-site installation work, the preheater can be integrated onto a skid frame along with piping, valves, temperature and pressure instruments, and control systems.
Prefabrication, assembly, and testing are completed at the factory before shipment, thereby reducing on-site welding and installation requirements.
Technical Specifications
|
Parameter |
Typical Range |
|
Equipment Type |
Shell & Tube / Gas-to-Gas / Electric / Steam / Hot Oil |
|
Acid Gas Flow Rate |
500–100,000 Nm³/h |
|
Inlet Gas Temperature |
20–150°C |
|
Outlet Gas Temperature |
80–300°C |
|
Design Temperature |
-20–450°C |
|
Design Pressure |
Vacuum–10.0 MPa |
|
Heat Duty |
50 kW–20 MW |
|
Heat Transfer Area |
10–2,000 m² |
|
Allowable Pressure Drop |
As per Process Design |
|
Tube Material |
CS / SS304 / SS316L / Duplex / Alloy |
|
Shell Material |
Carbon Steel / Stainless Steel |
|
Heating Medium |
Steam / Hot Oil / Electric / Process Gas |
|
Tube Diameter |
Φ16–Φ38 mm |
|
Tube Length |
1,500–12,000 mm |
|
Design Standard |
ASME / GB / HG/T / Customer Specification |
Note: The above parameters are typical reference ranges. Final specifications are determined according to acid gas composition, flow rate, pressure, temperature, acid dew point, heat duty, allowable pressure drop, and customer process requirements.
Acid Gas Preheater Applications
SRU
Natural Gas Processing
Refinery
Amine Desulfurization System
EPC New Construction Projects and Unit Revamps
Design and Manufacturing Process
Process Data Confirmation
- Acid Gas Composition
- Gas Flow Rate
- Inlet / Outlet Temperature
- Operating Pressure
- Design Pressure
- Acid Dew Point
- Heating Medium
- Heat Duty
- Allowable Pressure Drop
Thermal Calculations
Determine the heat transfer area based on heat duty and operating conditions; verify flow velocities, heat transfer coefficients, and pressure drops for both the gas side and the heating medium side. For water-containing acid gases, specifically verify that the outlet temperature meets requirements to prevent condensation.
Mechanical Design
Design the shell, tubesheet, heat transfer tubes, and channel heads based on pressure and temperature specifications.
If there is a significant temperature difference between the shell side and the tube side, thermal expansion must be considered; select an appropriate structural configuration-such as fixed tubesheet, floating head, or U-tube-based on the operating conditions.
Material Selection
Select materials based on the presence of H₂S, CO₂, moisture, and other corrosive components.
Materials such as carbon steel, SS304, SS316L, duplex stainless steel, and special alloys may be used depending on project requirements.
For H₂S-containing service, applicable material and manufacturing specifications are followed as required.
Manufacturing and Quality Inspection
Shop operations: Material cutting → Rolling → Assembly → Welding → Tubesheet machining → Tube bundle installation → Non-destructive testing (NDT) → Pressure testing → Surface treatment → Factory acceptance.
Perform NDT methods such as RT, UT, MT, and PT in accordance with project requirements.
Packaging and Shipping
Packaging plans are developed based on the dimensions of the acid gas preheater and the chosen mode of transport.
Standard Equipment
Secured to a steel base frame, with protective measures applied to flanges, nozzles, instrument connections, and other critical points.
Equipment for Export
Treated to withstand moisture, rain, and impact in accordance with maritime or overland shipping requirements.
Skid-Mounted Equipment
Installation of equipment, piping, and instrumentation is completed prior to shipment, followed by factory testing as per project specifications. On-site work is primarily limited to skid positioning, process piping connections, and electrical hookups.
This approach reduces on-site construction work and allows for better control over the installation schedule.
After-Sales Service and Technical Support
Should issues arise-such as failure to meet outlet temperature requirements, abnormal pressure drop increases, reduced heat transfer efficiency, tube bundle leakage, temperature fluctuations, or equipment vibration-you may provide on-site operational data, photos, and videos. GYRO's technical team will assist with a preliminary analysis.
During the warranty period, if the issue is confirmed to stem from manufacturing or assembly quality, we will provide technical analysis, repair plans, spare parts support, remote technical guidance, and necessary on-site services in accordance with the contract's warranty terms to ensure the equipment's long-term operation.
For acid gas preheaters with extended service lives, we offer spare parts support (such as heat exchanger tubes and seals) and assist with equipment overhauls and operational status assessments.
If your process parameters change in the future, we can also re-evaluate the equipment to determine if modification or upgrading is required.
Solutions for Acid Gas Preheaters
|
Application |
Common Customer Concerns |
Our Solution |
|
Claus Sulfur Recovery Unit (SRU) |
Unstable acid gas temperature |
Design the preheater according to the process heat duty and integrate temperature control to maintain stable outlet gas temperature. |
|
Natural Gas Processing |
Acid gas condensation and corrosion |
Determine the appropriate outlet temperature based on the acid dew point to minimize condensation and reduce corrosion risks. |
|
Refinery |
Corrosion caused by H₂S-containing acid gas |
Select suitable materials and optimize the equipment structure according to the acid gas composition and operating conditions. |
|
Amine Gas Treating System |
Insufficient acid gas temperature before downstream processing |
Provide steam, hot oil, electric, or other suitable heating solutions based on the process requirements and available utilities. |
|
Large-Scale EPC Projects |
High on-site installation workload |
Provide skid-mounted systems with pre-installed piping, pre-wired instrumentation, and factory testing to reduce field installation work. |
|
Existing Plant Modification |
Limited space and difficult equipment replacement |
Develop customized equipment based on existing piping, foundations, and site conditions to minimize on-site modifications and construction work. |
GYRO offers more than just a piece of equipment; we provide a complete preheating solution. If you are interested in our products, please share your project's operating conditions with us to receive a technical proposal and quotation for the Acid Gas Preheater.
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